readstat/

common.rs

//! Shared utility functions used across the crate.
//!
//! Provides helpers for computing streaming chunk offsets ([`build_offsets`]) and
//! converting C string pointers to owned Rust strings ([`ptr_to_string`]).

use std::ffi::CStr;

/// Computes row offset boundaries for streaming chunk-based processing.
///
/// Given a total `row_count` and `stream_rows` (chunk size), returns a sorted
/// vector of offsets for use with [`windows(2)`](slice::windows) to form
/// `[start, end)` pairs. If `stream_rows` is 0, it is treated as 1.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use readstat::build_offsets;
/// let offsets = build_offsets(25, 10);
/// assert_eq!(offsets, vec![0, 10, 20, 25]);
/// // Produces pairs: [0,10), [10,20), [20,25)
/// ```
pub fn build_offsets(row_count: u32, stream_rows: u32) -> Vec<u32> {
    let chunks = row_count.div_ceil(stream_rows.max(1));
    let mut offsets = Vec::with_capacity(chunks as usize + 1);

    for c in 0..chunks {
        offsets.push(c * stream_rows);
    }
    offsets.push(row_count);

    offsets
}

/// Converts a C string pointer to an owned Rust [`String`].
///
/// Returns an empty string if the pointer is null. Uses lossy UTF-8 conversion
/// to handle non-UTF-8 data gracefully.
pub(crate) fn ptr_to_string(x: *const std::os::raw::c_char) -> String {
    if x.is_null() {
        String::new()
    } else {
        // From Rust documentation - https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html
        let cstr = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(x) };
        // Get copy-on-write Cow<'_, str>, then guarantee a freshly-owned String allocation
        String::from_utf8_lossy(cstr.to_bytes()).to_string()
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use std::ffi::CString;

    // --- build_offsets tests ---

    #[test]
    fn build_offsets_exact_division() {
        let offsets = build_offsets(30, 10);
        assert_eq!(offsets, vec![0, 10, 20, 30]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn build_offsets_non_exact_division() {
        let offsets = build_offsets(25, 10);
        assert_eq!(offsets, vec![0, 10, 20, 25]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn build_offsets_stream_exceeds_row_count() {
        let offsets = build_offsets(5, 10);
        assert_eq!(offsets, vec![0, 5]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn build_offsets_single_row() {
        let offsets = build_offsets(1, 10);
        assert_eq!(offsets, vec![0, 1]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn build_offsets_equal_stream_and_rows() {
        let offsets = build_offsets(10, 10);
        assert_eq!(offsets, vec![0, 10]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn build_offsets_zero_rows() {
        let offsets = build_offsets(0, 10);
        assert_eq!(offsets, vec![0]);
        // No windows produced for zero rows
        assert_eq!(offsets.windows(2).count(), 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn build_offsets_windows_produce_valid_pairs() {
        let offsets = build_offsets(25, 10);
        let pairs: Vec<_> = offsets.windows(2).map(|w| (w[0], w[1])).collect();
        assert_eq!(pairs, vec![(0, 10), (10, 20), (20, 25)]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn build_offsets_single_chunk_windows() {
        let offsets = build_offsets(5, 10);
        let pairs: Vec<_> = offsets.windows(2).map(|w| (w[0], w[1])).collect();
        assert_eq!(pairs, vec![(0, 5)]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn build_offsets_large_dataset() {
        let offsets = build_offsets(100_000, 10_000);
        assert_eq!(offsets.len(), 11);
        assert_eq!(*offsets.first().unwrap(), 0);
        assert_eq!(*offsets.last().unwrap(), 100_000);
    }

    // --- ptr_to_string tests ---

    #[test]
    fn ptr_to_string_null_returns_empty() {
        let result = ptr_to_string(std::ptr::null());
        assert_eq!(result, "");
    }

    #[test]
    fn ptr_to_string_valid_cstring() {
        let cs = CString::new("hello").unwrap();
        let result = ptr_to_string(cs.as_ptr());
        assert_eq!(result, "hello");
    }

    #[test]
    fn ptr_to_string_empty_cstring() {
        let cs = CString::new("").unwrap();
        let result = ptr_to_string(cs.as_ptr());
        assert_eq!(result, "");
    }

    #[test]
    fn ptr_to_string_with_unicode() {
        let cs = CString::new("UTF-8 encoded: café").unwrap();
        let result = ptr_to_string(cs.as_ptr());
        assert_eq!(result, "UTF-8 encoded: café");
    }

    #[test]
    fn ptr_to_string_with_truncated_utf8() {
        // Simulates SAS truncating "café" at a byte boundary mid-character.
        // "café" in UTF-8 is [63, 61, 66, C3, A9]. Truncating after 4 bytes
        // leaves [63, 61, 66, C3] — an incomplete 2-byte sequence.
        // ptr_to_string should replace the dangling 0xC3 with U+FFFD.
        // Safety: we need a null-terminated buffer for CStr::from_ptr.
        // Build one explicitly so the test is self-contained.
        let mut buf = b"caf\xC3".to_vec();
        buf.push(0); // null terminator
        let ptr = buf.as_ptr().cast::<std::os::raw::c_char>();

        let result = ptr_to_string(ptr);
        assert_eq!(result, "caf\u{FFFD}");
    }

    #[test]
    fn ptr_to_string_with_invalid_continuation_byte() {
        // 0xFF is never valid in UTF-8
        let mut buf = b"hello\xFFworld".to_vec();
        buf.push(0);
        let ptr = buf.as_ptr().cast::<std::os::raw::c_char>();

        let result = ptr_to_string(ptr);
        assert_eq!(result, "hello\u{FFFD}world");
    }

    // --- Property-based tests ---

    mod property_tests {
        use super::*;
        use proptest::prelude::*;

        proptest! {
            /// First offset is always 0; last offset is always row_count.
            #[test]
            fn offsets_start_at_zero_end_at_row_count(
                row_count in 0u32..100_000,
                stream_rows in 1u32..50_000
            ) {
                let offsets = build_offsets(row_count, stream_rows);
                prop_assert_eq!(*offsets.first().unwrap(), 0);
                prop_assert_eq!(*offsets.last().unwrap(), row_count);
            }

            /// Offsets are strictly monotonically increasing (no duplicates, no going backwards).
            #[test]
            fn offsets_are_monotonically_increasing(
                row_count in 1u32..100_000,
                stream_rows in 1u32..50_000
            ) {
                let offsets = build_offsets(row_count, stream_rows);
                for pair in offsets.windows(2) {
                    prop_assert!(pair[0] < pair[1], "offsets not strictly increasing: {} >= {}", pair[0], pair[1]);
                }
            }

            /// Every chunk (window pair) has size <= stream_rows.
            #[test]
            fn chunk_sizes_bounded_by_stream_rows(
                row_count in 1u32..100_000,
                stream_rows in 1u32..50_000
            ) {
                let offsets = build_offsets(row_count, stream_rows);
                for pair in offsets.windows(2) {
                    let chunk_size = pair[1] - pair[0];
                    prop_assert!(chunk_size <= stream_rows, "chunk {} > stream_rows {}", chunk_size, stream_rows);
                }
            }

            /// The chunks cover all rows: sum of chunk sizes equals row_count.
            #[test]
            fn chunks_cover_all_rows(
                row_count in 0u32..100_000,
                stream_rows in 1u32..50_000
            ) {
                let offsets = build_offsets(row_count, stream_rows);
                let total: u32 = offsets.windows(2).map(|w| w[1] - w[0]).sum();
                prop_assert_eq!(total, row_count);
            }

            /// Zero stream_rows is handled without panic (treated as 1).
            #[test]
            fn zero_stream_rows_does_not_panic(row_count in 0u32..10_000) {
                let offsets = build_offsets(row_count, 0);
                prop_assert_eq!(*offsets.first().unwrap(), 0);
                prop_assert_eq!(*offsets.last().unwrap(), row_count);
            }
        }
    }
}